Dive into the multi-store model of memory and discover how we process, store, and recall information. Learn how your brain organizes memories and the importance of creating new ones.

Intro to memory

How's memory work?

The multi-store model

Sensory register

Short-term memory

Long-term memory

Memory often change

Creating your own memory

Ending

Patrons credits

As you read this text, your eyes transmit signals to your working memory, briefly storing each word to ensure you comprehend the sentence without confusion.  The reason you understand what you read lies in your long-term memory — or so at least asserts the theory of the Multi-Store Model of Memory. However, since the process is far from being understood, it's likely way more complex than this.

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ORIGINAL TITLE
The Multi-Store Model: How We Make and Keep Memories

THANKS to our patrons
This video was made with the support of our Patrons: Adam Berry, Alex Rodriguez, Andrea Basillio Rava, Angela, ArkiTechy, Artur, azad bel, Badrah, Bernd Gaertner, Cedric.Wang, Christoph Becker, Daniele Diniz, David Markham, Delandric Webb, Digital INnov8ors, Dr. Matthias Müller-Mellin, Duane Bemister, Eva Marie Koblin, Fatenah G Issa, Floris Devreese, Frari63, Gerry Labelle, Harmoniac Design, ICH KANN DEUTSCH UND ES WAR EINFACH!, Izzy, Jannes Kroon, Jeffrey Cassianna, Jim Pilgrim, Joanne Doyle, John Burghardt, Jonathan Schwarz, Jorge Luis Mejia Velazquez, jun omar ebdane, Khadijah Sellers, Leonel, Linda Kinkead, Linus Linderoth, Lucia Simone Winston,  Marcel, Marcia Ramos, María, martin, Mathis Nu, Mezes.Macko, Michael Paradis, Mindozone, Natalie O’Brien, Nick Valerio, Nicki, Okan Elibol, Oweeda Newton, Peihui, Peter Bishop, Povilas Ambrasas, Raymond Fujioka, Roel Vermeulen, Scott Gregory, scripz, Sebastian Huaytan Meder, Si, Stefan Gros, Stephen Clark, Stuart Bishop, Takashi HIROSE, Thomas Aschan, Victor Paweletz, Yassine Hamza, Yvonne Clapham and all the others.Thank you! To join them visit www.patreon.com/sprouts 

COLLABORATORS
Script: Nitika Arora, Ludo, Jonas Koblin
Artist: Pascal Gaggelli
Voice: Matt Abbott
Coloring: Nalin
Editing: Peera Lertsukittipongsa
Sound Design: Miguel Ojeda
Production: Selina Bador

SOUNDTRACKS
On Eggshells - Richard Canavan 
A Toy’s Day Out - Shaun Frearson

DIG DEEPER with these top videos, games and resources:
Read a simple explanation of the multi store model of memory
https://www.simplypsychology.org/multi-store.html

Read an improvement on the multi store model: Tulving’s model of memory
https://www.psychologywizard.net/tulvings-long-term-memory-ao1-ao2-ao3.html

Read about another theory on memory: the multi-trace theory and how memory is organized in key areas of the brain 
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16011544/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5060006/

Read a study done on the Taxi drivers of London, showing how memory is formed in the brain and a follow up review 
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17024677/

To dig even deeper, read about the cellular mechanisms behind memory
https://www.nature.com/articles/nature13294

SOURCES
Multi store model - Wikipedia.org
Martinelli, P., Sperduti, M., & Piolino, P. (2013). Neural substrates of the self-memory system: new insights from a meta-analysis. Human brain mapping, 34(7), 1515–1529.
Moscovitch, M., Rosenbaum, R. S., Gilboa, A., Addis, D. R., Westmacott, R., Grady, C., McAndrews, M. P., Levine, B., Black, S., Winocur, G., & Nadel, L. (2005). Functional neuroanatomy of remote episodic, semantic and spatial memory: a unified account based on multiple trace theory. Journal of anatomy, 207(1), 35–66. 
Moscovitch, M., Cabeza, R., Winocur, G., & Nadel, L. (2016). Episodic Memory and Beyond: The Hippocampus and Neocortex in Transformation. Annual review of psychology, 67, 105–134. 

CLASSROOM ACTIVITY
Visit our website to access suggested class exercise on this topic!

CHAPTERS
00:00 Intro to memory
00:23 How's memory work?
01:23 The multi-store model
01:58 Sensory register
02:43 Short-term memory
03:21 Long-term memory
05:01 Memory often change
05:40 Creating your own memory
05:57 Ending
06:30 Patrons credits

#sproutsschools #neuroscience  #memory #brain #learning #teaching #memory #research  #science #psychology

The Multi-Store Model: How We Make Memories

Explore the peak-end rule and learn how your experiences are shaped by powerful peaks and endings. Discover practical insights to enhance memory and satisfaction.

Introduction

Scientific experiment

Conclusion

What do you think?

Learn how the Peak End Rule shapes memories and the role of expectations in creating impactful experiences in this 4:46 minute video lesson.

People tend to judge and remember experiences based on how they felt at the peak and at the end of it. This psychological phenomenon is known as the peak-end-rule. The model was first proposed by Barbara Fredrickson and Daniel Kahneman and infers that instead of remembering a whole experience we only remember snapshots of it.  Today we know that how well the rule works also depends on our expectation going into the experience.

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THANKS to our patrons
This video was made with the support of our Patrons: Adam Berry, Alex Rodriguez, Andrea Basillio Rava, Angela, ArkiTechy, Artur, azad bel, Badrah, Bernd Gaertner, Cedric.Wang, Christoph Becker, Daniele Diniz, David Markham, Delandric Webb, Digital INnov8ors, Dr. Matthias Müller-Mellin, Duane Bemister, Elias Reuss, Eva Marie Koblin, Fatenah G Issa, Floris Devreese, Frari63, Gerry Labelle, Harmoniac Design, ICH KANN DEUTSCH UND ES WAR EINFACH!, Izzy, Jannes Kroon, Jeffrey Cassianna, Jim Pilgrim, Joanne Doyle, John Burghardt, Jonathan Schwarz, Jorge Luis Mejia Velazquez, jun omar ebdane, Khadijah Sellers, Leonel, Liam Dalling, Linda Kinkead, Linus Linderoth, Lucia Simone Winston,  Marcel, Marcia Ramos, María, martin, Mathis Nu, Mezes.Macko, Michael Paradis, Mindozone, Natalie O’Brien, Nick Valerio, Nicki, Okan Elibol, Oweeda Newton, Peihui, Peter Bishop, Povilas Ambrasas, Raymond Fujioka, Roel Vermeulen, Scott Gregory, scripz, Sebastian Huaytan Meder, Si, Stefan Gros, Stephen Clark, Stuart Bishop, Takashi HIROSE, Thomas Aschan, Victor Paweletz, Yassine Hamza, Yvonne Clapham and all the others. Thank you! To join them visit www.patreon.com/sprouts

COLLABORATORS
Script: Jonas Koblin
Artist: Pascal Gaggelli
Voice: Matt Abbott
Coloring: Nalin
Editing: Peera Lertsukittipongsa
Production: Selina Bador
Fact-checking: Ludovico Saint Amour Di Chanaz
Sound Design: Miguel Ojeda

SOUNDTRACKS
Badly Behaved - Shaun Frearson
Midnight Mischief - Jonathan Boyle
Walk Through The Park - TrackTribe

DIG DEEPER with these top videos, games and resources:
Read how prediction errors shape perception, attention, and motivation
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2012.00548/full

Read about the recency bias
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Recency_bias

Read about memory segmentation and immediate post-segmentation replay
https://www.jneurosci.org/content/39/43/8538
https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.08.09.503295v1

Read about recent research on the peak-end-rule
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6668632/

SOURCES
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peak%E2%80%93end_rule
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6668632/ 
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peak%E2%80%93end_rule

CLASSROOM ACTIVITY
Visit our website to see recommended activity on this topic!

CHAPTERS
00:00 Introduction
02:14 Scientific experiment
03:00 Conclusion
03:33 What do you think?
03:51 Patrons credits
04:10 Ending

#sproutsschools #learning #memory #psychology #bias #neuroscience

The Peak End Rule: What You Actually Remember From a Experience

Discover how Lisa navigated the challenges of ADHD, from childhood struggles to embracing her neurodiversity and finding success as a writer. Explore her inspiring journey and insights.

Understanding ADHD

Lisa’s story

The school turmoil

The turning point

Embracing change

ADHD symptoms

ADHD treatment

Celebrating neurodiversity

In a group of 100 children, 2 to 4 will have minds that are atypical in a particular way. They have difficulties paying attention, talk too much, or constantly interrupt others. Later they are often diagnosed with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, or short ADHD. To learn how it feels like growing up with ADHD, follow Lisa, a young girl who dreams about becoming a writer.  

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THANKS to our patrons
This video was made with the support of our Patrons: Adam Berry, Alex Rodriguez, Andrea Basillio Rava, Anil Raut, ArkiTechy, Artur, azad bel, Badrah, Cedric.Wang, Christoph Becker, Cory McAbee, David Markham, Delandric Webb, Digital INnov8ors, Dr. Matthias Müller-Mellin, Duane Bemister, Elias Reuss, Enigma, Eva Marie Koblin, F J V Souza Fh,  Fatenah G Issa, Frari63, Gemma Seed, Gerardo Enrique Nieto, Gerry Labelle, ICH KANN DEUTSCH UND ES WAR EINFACH!, Izzy, jakob steensig, Jannes Kroon, Jeffrey Cassianna, Jim Pilgrim, Joanne Doyle, John Burghardt, Jon Rune Nygård, Jorge Luis Mejia Velazquez, jun omar ebdane, Leonel, Liam Dalling, Linda Kinkead, Linus Linderoth, Lucia Simone Winston, Mambo no 9, Marcel, María, martin, Martin Streule, Martina Hrebenarova, Mathis Nu, Mezes.Macko, Michael Paradis, Natalie O’Brien, Okan Elibol, Oweeda Newton, Patricia Labovszky, Peihui, Povilas Ambrasas, Raymond Fujioka, Roel Vermeulen, SAMAR ABDULKADER DAKAK BADAWI, Scott Gregory, scripz, Sebastian Huaytan Meder, Si, Solongo Ganbat, Stefan Gros, Stephen Clark, Stuart Bishop, Taka Kondo, Takashi HIROSE, Thomas Aschan, Thomas Dahlke, Victor Paweletz, Yassine Hamza, Yvonne Clapham and all the others.Thank you! To join them visit www.patreon.com/sprouts 

COLLABORATORS
Script: Ludovico Saint Amour di Chanaz and Jonas Koblin
Artist: Pascal Gaggelli
Voice: Matt Abbott
Coloring: Nalin
Editing: Peera Lertsukittipongsa
Head of Partnership Programme: Selina Bador
Sound Design: Miguel Ojeda

SOUNDTRACKS
Embarrassing Moment - Jack Pierce
Friendly Phantom - Shaun Frearson

DIG DEEPER with these top videos, games and resources:
Look up the DSM5 symptoms of ADHD
https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/adhd/diagnosis.html

Check out the youtube channel How to ADHD
https://www.youtube.com/@UC-nPM1_kSZf91ZGkcgy_95Q 

Check out the TikTok channel brain.curiosities
https://www.tiktok.com/@brain.curiosities

SOURCES
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28351467/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19627998/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31982036/

CLASSROOM ACTIVITY 
Visit our website to access the recommended class activity!

CHAPTER
00:00 Intro
00:00 Introduction
00:18 Understanding ADHD
00:38 Lisa’s story
01:22 The school turmoil
02:44 The turning point
03:18 Embracing change
03:34 ADHD symptoms
04:16 ADHD treatment
04:49 Celebrating neurodiversity
05:12 What do you think?
05:40 Patrons credits
05:49 Ending

#sproutsschools #adhd #psychology #neuroscience #adhdinwomen

ADHD from Childhood to Adulthood [Symptoms and Traits]

Explore the incredible yet tragic journey of Dr. Ignaz Semmelweis, whose groundbreaking hygiene practices transformed medicine but led to personal despair.

Dr. Ignaz Semmelweis

Semmelweis’ observation

The discovery

Triumph turns to tragedy

Lasting impact

Max Planck’s quote

Discover how Dr. Semmelweis's hand washing method transformed medicine and saved countless live in this 3:51 minute video lesson
Medicine is seen as an authority and a sacred entity today, but like any institution, it has a dark and somber past. The story of Dr. Ignaz Semmelweis is a prime example of when medicine got it terribly wrong, and the poor judgment of doctors cost the lives of many women. In 19th-century Vienna, the young physician was shunned by his peers for advocating a practice that, at the time, was considered scandalous: hand washing.

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French 🇫🇷: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCGj6ZcECjYQtmPJNzV8jYtw 
Italian 🇮🇹: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCpiI2N_0GZQ63OL3VK4lHXg
Esperanto 🏴: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCoXZfW6CH_NBl8OemOscwrA 
Portuguese 🇵🇹: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCwu4qa1iaDnnllhrPMnR3Ww
Korean 🇰🇷: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC6BHbb_erJpc549lUtIUF0A
Indonesian 🇮🇩: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UClnjfwzY-DsFcnCPQj1iYIw

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THANKS to our patrons 
This video was made with the support of our Patrons: Adam Berry, Alex Rodriguez, Alfred Holzheu, Amal Chaudhuri, Andy Langran, Angela Flores, ArkiTechy, Artur, azad bel, Badrah, Bev Carlton, Bradley Klimovitch, Carmina Marinca, Cedric.Wang, Chou Ethan, Christoph Becker, cnotv, Conrado ZAVALA, Cory McAbee, Cynthia Guidry, David Markham, Delandric Webb, Digital INnov8ors, Dogsbody, Dr. Matthias Müller-Mellin, Duane Bemister, Elias Reuss, Eva Marie Koblin, F J V Souza Fh, Fanny Ng, Floopy, foma solar, Galina D, Gerardo Enrique Nieto, Giuseppe, Guinness Siu, Heart of Texas Play Therapy, LLC, Izzy, Jamie, Jeffrey Cassianna, Jeffrey pwork, Jennelyn Blyth, Jim Pilgrim, Jing Wu, Joanne Doyle, John Burghardt, John Hui, John Schinter, Jon Rune Nygård, joost derwig, Jose E. Suarez, Jose Manuel Rodrigues, Julia Birkholz, jun omar ebdane, Karen Byrne, Kevin Deasy, Leonel, Liam Dalling, Linda Kinkead, Linus Linderoth, Lucia Simone Winston, M. Allen, Mambo no 9, Manuel Baekhau, Marcel, martin, Mathis Nu, Meo Chan, Mezes.Macko, Michael Paradis, Natalie O’Brien, Okan Elibol, Oweeda Newton, Pantea Fard, Peter Daniel Poh, Peihui, RAPHAEL GREEN, Raymond Fujioka, Rikki, SAMAR ABDULKADER DAKAK BADAWI, Sameerr M, scripz, Sebastian Huaytan Meder, Sejden, Sigrid, Solongo Ganbat, Stefan Gros, Sven Lange, Suppasit Srisaeng, T Franklin, Taka Kondo, Takashi HIROSE, Tammy Frazier, Tang Chun, Thomas Aschan, Thomas Dahlke, Trevor B, Yassine Hamza, Yvonne Clapham, 헤롱 헤롱 and all the others.Thank you! To join them visit www.patreon.com/sprouts

COLLABORATORS
Script: Ludovico Saint Amour di Chanaz and Jonas Koblin
Artist: Pascal Gaggelli
Voice: Matt Abbott
Coloring: Nalin
Editing: Peera Lertsukittipongsa
Production: Selina Bador
Sound Design: Miguel Ojeda

SOUNDTRACKS
Nice Toys - Studio Le Bus
Solitary Soul - Immersive Music

On http://sproutsschools.com, you will also find:
- All our sources
- Ideas for a classroom project on the topics
- The full script, core graphics and additional resources
- The video without background music (good for divergent minds)

CHAPTERS
00:00 Introduction
00:15 Dr. Ignaz Semmelweis
00:29 Semmelweis’ observation
01:19 The discovery
01:38 Triumph turns to tragedy
02:25 Lasting impact
02:45 Max Planck’s quote
03:06 What do you think?
03:29 Ending
03:44 Patrons credits

#sproutsschools #history #medicaleducation #semmelweis

The Dark Side of Science [The Sad Story of Dr Semmelweis]

Memory and Brain

Memory and Brain

The Multi-Store Model: How We Make Memories

Memory and Brain

The Peak-End Rule: Understanding How We Remember Experiences

Memory and Brain

Understanding ADHD Through Lisa’s Journey

Memory and Brain

The Tragic Legacy of Dr. Ignaz Semmelweis